Influenza vaccination, vaccine against four influenza strains
Pregnancy is demanding on a woman's body. During pregnancy, especially in the third trimester, a woman undergoes physiological changes, especially to their immune system, which loses some effectiveness. Due to changes in the cardiovascular and respiratory systems, pregnant women and women who have recently given birth are more at risk of serious complications from influenza. Although influenza is equally common in pregnant and non-pregnant women, the former is much more likely to develop pneumonia as a complication of influenza and need to be hospitalized more often. Pregnant women also have a higher mortality rate from pneumonia caused by influenza.
Influenza complications in pregnant women can include not only pneumonia, but also cardiovascular problems, miscarriage, premature and low birth weight, stillbirth, and birth defects. Although the influenza virus itself has not been shown to cause malformations, high fever in pregnant women may harm a fetus. Although the influenza vaccine does not prevent everyone from getting the disease, it does make the disease less severe.
A thimerosal-free influenza vaccine (Vaxigrip Tetra, Fluarix Tetra, or Influvac Tetra) is used to grant immunity to four strains of the influenza virus in the vaccine (two type A and two type B). Because vaccines do not contain infectious viruses, vaccination during pregnancy does not pose any additional risk to the fetus or mother, significantly increases a mother's resistance to the influenza virus. The safety of the flu vaccine during pregnancy and after birth (including for breastfeeding mothers and babies) has been scientifically proven. Vaccination provides necessary protection during pregnancy and the post-natal period when illness should be avoided as much as possible, as mothers and babies are both especially vulnerable during this time. Antibodies are also transferred from the vaccinated mother to their fetus, so their newborn is also protected against influenza. An influenza vaccine is only recommended for use in infants six months and older. Thus, a pregnant mother can grant passive immunity to their child (via antibodies passed down in the womb) for its first few months of life, when it is too young to be directly vaccinated.
Because the influenza virus can endanger a fetus, pregnant mothers should vaccinate against influenza with an inactivated influenza vaccine before the start of the flu season (the last weeks of September). Vaccination can also be done during flu season, but this is less ideal, as it takes an average of two weeks for immunity to develop. If a woman is exposed to the influenza virus before developing immunity via vaccine, their vaccination will not offer any protection, although the disease’s effects will not be any more severe than if the mother had not been vaccinated. A woman can be vaccinated against the flu in each trimester of pregnancy, and should especially be vaccinated in the second and third trimester. In Estonia, it is recommended to vaccinate against influenza in pregnant women whose second and third trimester take place during the height of flu season. As vaccination does not weaken the body, postponement of other vaccinations, such as against pertussis, is not needed.
Our immunization pricing includes a midwife visit and the issuance of a vaccination passport.